Other properties

Equivalent laminate thermal conductivities

Equivalent laminate thermal conductivities can also be calculated. First, it is assumed that thermal conductivities have been measured in the 12 coordinate system for each ply. The conductivity along the fiber direction is denoted K1 whereas the conductivity transverse to the fibers is denoted K2. The conductivities corresponding to ply k can then be expressed in the XY coordinate system as:

Finally, the laminate thermal conductivities are computed:

where N is the number of plies.

Laminate’s overall mass density

The laminate’s overall mass density is computed using the individual ply thickness, tk, and densities, ρk, as follows:

where h is the total thickness of the laminate.

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Membrane properties

Bending properties

Transverse shear properties

Coefficients of thermal expansion

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