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Laminate Composites > Laminates theory > First order shear deformation theory > Equivalent engineering properties

Bending properties

Consider a loading consisting of bending loads only. In this case, the relationship between moments and curvatures can be rewritten:

where the matrix [d] is the 3×3 submatrix corresponding to lines and columns 4 through 6 of the inverse of the [ABD] matrix. In order to define an equivalent laminate bending modulus in the X direction, it is necessary to apply the following loads:

  • Mx ≠ 0

  • My = Mxy = 0

For this loading condition, one obtains:

If this loading condition were to be applied to an isotropic plate, the following curvature κx would be obtained:

Equating the expressions of κx given in the last two equations allows to define an equivalent bending Young’s modulus in the X direction:

To obtain an equivalent Poisson’s ratio in bending, one writes:

Similarly, to define an equivalent bending Young’s modulus in the Y direction, one must apply the following loading case:

  • My ≠ 0

  • Mx = Mxy = 0

For this loading condition, one obtains:

If this loading condition were to be applied to an isotropic plate, the following curvature κy would be obtained:

Equating the expressions of κy given in the last two equations allows to define an equivalent bending Young’s modulus in the Y direction:

To obtain the laminate equivalent bending shear modulus, , one must apply the following loading case:

  • Mxy ≠ 0

  • Mx = My = 0

Following an approach identical to the one presented above, one obtains:

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Source: https://docs.sw.siemens.com/en-US/doc/289054037/PL20200601120302950.advanced/id626716 · retrieved 2026-07-17