Laminate 2D-to-3D Extrusion dialog box

Settings
Name	Sets the name of the extrusion setup.
Select 2D Objects	Lets you select the polygon faces or 2D elements that you want to extrude.
Cutting Face
Enable Cuts	Enables the definition of cutting faces that limit the 3D extrusion domain. When you select this check box, the software makes the other options in this group available.
Select Faces	Lets you select one or more polygon faces that limit the 3D extrusion domain. If there are two or more faces above an element, the software uses the closest face for the cut.
Minimum Relative Element Thickness	Sets the minimum threshold ratio (a/b) to create a solid ply hexahedral or wedge element. If c/b < a/b, the extrusion creates drop-off wedge, pyramid, or tetrahedral elements.
Snap to Cuts Tolerance	Sets the snapping tolerance to specify which nodes are associated to the cutting face during extrusion.
Cutting Face Drop-Offs	Creates drop-off resin elements when the element thickness does not meet the minimum relative element thickness criterion. The drop-off resin elements are stored in the Extrusion Resin mesh collector that is separate from the mesh collector that contains the extruded solid ply elements.
Options
3D Element Type	Available only in the Samcef solver environment.Specifies the type of 3D element created when inflating laminates.SolidModels laminate composite plies using T8 and T46 elements.Solid ShellModels laminate composite plies using T153 and T154 elements.Solid PlyModels composite thick shell elements using T198 and T199 elements. Only a single ply is created.In all cases, the cohesive elements are T145 and T147.
Single Ply per 3D Layer	Creates one solid layer of 3D elements per laminate ply (orange elements). Each 3D element contains a single ply.When you clear this check box, the software creates one layer for the entire laminate (blue elements) unless one of the following conditions is true:There are drop-offs In this case, the software exports each ply containing a drop-off as an individual solid layer.There are ply groups In this case, the software creates a single layer for each ply group. This gives you control over the number of solid layers.Each 3D element can contain multiple plies.
Flip Element Normals	Flips the element normals. The software extrudes faces in the direction of element normals.
Homogeneous Plies	Exports unlayered, homogeneous properties with equivalent orthotropic materials to the structural solver. Only plies that have the Solid Property set to Homogeneous in the Laminate Modeler dialog box or the Layup Modeler dialog box are exported as homogeneous plies.When you clear this check box, the software exports the extruded laminate using the layered properties of all plies, even the ones with the solid property set to homogeneous.
Consider Offsets	Considers the reference plane offset defined in the Layup Offset node in the Simulation Navigator when creating the extruded elements.When you clear this check box, the software uses the bottom of the first ply as the reference plane. Consider Offsets Consider Offsets			Consider Offsets	Consider Offsets
Consider Offsets	Consider Offsets
Sandwich Inflation
Enable	Creates sandwich structures.
Top Skin Mesh	Specifies a 2D or 3D mesh for the top skin.
Core Selection	Displays the available core layers. Select the core ply from the Core Selection list and enter the number of core layers in the Number of Core Element Layers box.
Bottom Skin Mesh	Specifies a 2D or 3D mesh for the bottom skin.
Normal Smoothing
Smooth Normals	Prevents the creation of degenerate solid elements when extruding thick laminates from a concave face using the values you specify in the Neighbor Normals Weight Ratio and Number of Smoothing Iterations boxes. Smooth Normals Smooth NormalsThis option is useful when you extrude 2D laminates and the extrude distance is comparable to the blend radius.When you select this check box, the software computes the extrusion direction using the following equation:ni = x∙v**i-1 + (1.0 - x)∙n**i-1where:ni is the direction of extrusion at iteration i. At iteration 0, n0 is the normal at the nodes.x is the neighbor normals weight ratio (0 < x < 1).v**i-1 is the averaged extrusion direction of all neighboring points at iteration i - 1.Example: For this corner example, at iteration 0, the normals are black, at iteration 1, the normals are purple, and at iteration 2, the normals are green.			Smooth Normals	Smooth Normals	ni = x∙v**i-1 + (1.0 - x)∙n**i-1				where:ni is the direction of extrusion at iteration i. At iteration 0, n0 is the normal at the nodes.x is the neighbor normals weight ratio (0 < x < 1).v**i-1 is the averaged extrusion direction of all neighboring points at iteration i - 1.
Smooth Normals	Smooth Normals
ni = x∙v**i-1 + (1.0 - x)∙n**i-1				where:ni is the direction of extrusion at iteration i. At iteration 0, n0 is the normal at the nodes.x is the neighbor normals weight ratio (0 < x < 1).v**i-1 is the averaged extrusion direction of all neighboring points at iteration i - 1.
Extruded Element Validation
Keep Invalid Elements	Keeps the degenerate elements after extrusion and stores them in the Extrusion Invalid Solids group in the Simulation Navigator.When you clear this check box, the software does not keep the degenerate elements created during extrusion. Instead, it creates an Extrusion Invalid Shells group that contains the shell elements that could not be fully extruded without creating invalid elements.

How do I

Extrude a 2D laminate to 3D

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Laminate 2D-to-3D Extrusion dialog box, Simcenter 3D 2021.1 Series

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